The Impact Of Contemporary Art On The Art And The Sense Of...

The history of contemporary art can often be confusing not only to the general public but also to professionals in the field. It is a very broad term that can be taken in many different forms. A significant theme that will need to be explored is firstly; what the contemporary actually is, and, narrowing it down to a single definition that relates directly to contemporary art. Further, what role a museum actually plays in the involvement of contemporary pieces is crucial. This essay will moreover assess what the difference between what the contemporary is, and what art is and will converse how the museums role acts as an optimistic catalyst for contemporary. This will lead to a contrast to this view, which will suggest the hindrance of a museum on the art and the sense of being ‘contemporary’. These approaches will assist in the quest to extrapolate what the contemporary is and how the context of an object may significantly impact on its contemporary value. Moreover, spe cific designers, artists and researchers can be utilised in order to argue how or how not a museum helps play a role on contemporary art. In discussing the role the museum and the viewer plays on contemporary art, it is important to first determine what underpins the contemporary. Although it has many different aspects associated with the term, when discussing contemporary art it can be a bit more complex, so breaking down what is contemporary, and what is art must first be scrutinised. ‘The contemporary’ asShow MoreRelatedFeminism And The Contemporary Art1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe contemporary art world is including and exposing more female artists who are promoting themselves creatively and pushing for equality through art. 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After many emotional and disheartening displays of life in the internment camps came the reparations and apologies from the American Government. In the last gallery there was pictures and displays of the modern era Japanese arts and culture. While in the Japanese American National Museum, I was observing the historical artifacts and analyzing the readings and I felt this tense intangible atmospheric pressure throughout the museum. The museum definitely gave me whole new perspectiveRead MoreArt Movement After World War I1174 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the Visual Art Encyclopedia, Surrealism sprang up in Paris and became rooted in the avant-garde art world. Surrealism was the fashionable art movement after World War I. Surrealism is and the last major art movement to be associated with the Ecole de Paris. The writer Andre Breton (1896-1966), nicknamed the Pope of Surrealism, was the movement s founder and chief theorist. He introduced and defined the new style in his initial 1924 manifesto (Manifeste du Surrealisme) and later inRead MoreShort Story : N The Screen And Koons 1460 Words   |  6 PagesFor Jeff Koons, his profession has thus far been based on his love for the pure joy of childhood. Coming from a lov ing family, art and design was been present in his life from the start. His parents careers effected how he views the world and what he has done with the opportunities they gave to him. After attending Maryland Institute of College of Art and School of the Art Institute in Chicago, Jeff Koons career rapidly picked up while working at the MoMA after graduation. His work ranges from oversizedRead MoreArt Is The Visual Manifestation And Application Of Human Creativity Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesArt is the visual manifestation and application of human creativity, typically executed through painting or sculpture. 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Chromatography Free Essays

Chromatography Free Essays Search the web. Some interesting sites are listed below. Note that some of these sites go into much more depth than is reasonable for this course. We will write a custom essay sample on Chromatography or any similar topic only for you Order Now http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Chromatography http://ull. chemistry. uakron. edu/analytical/Chromatography/ http://orgchem. colorado. edu/hndbksupport/TLC/TLC. html this is for TLC – similar to paper http://users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chromatography_paper. html http://jchemed. chem. wisc. edu/JCESoft/Programs/CPL/Sample/modules/paprchrom/paprchromdesc. htm http://jchemed. chem. wisc. edu/JCESoft/Programs/CPL/Sample/modules/paprchrom/paprchromdesc. tm This site shows the colors of many of the food colorings and lakes http://www. dynemic. com/food%20colour. htm This site has colors and correct names for many of the colors. You can get the structures from the names with CRC or a good organic chemist. http://vm. cfsan. fda. gov/~lrd/colorfac. html this is a general site with information on food colorings – discusses difference between dyes and lakes Procedure – Extract the color from the candies 1. Label each of the beakers with one color o f the candy. 2. Place one sample in each cup. 3. Put as few drops of water as possible (around 5) in each cup. 4. Stir carefully to extract as much color as possible without disturbing the white coating or the centre of the candy. 5. Remove the sample as soon as the white coating appears. 6. Add each sample in turn to its appropriate cup until as much color has been extracted as possible. Note: Repeat the steps for each kind of candy. Be sure to include the color and kind of candy on your label. Prepare chromatogram 1. Cut a piece of chromatography paper in half to form a rectangle with dimensions 10 cm x 20 cm. 2. Draw a line approximately 1 cm from the long edge of the paper with a pencil. 3. Mark dots along the pencil line approximately 1-1. cm apart and label as food dye colors yellow, green, blue, and red. Mark two additional dots for your choice of two different colored candies. 4. Using a toothpick, carefully wet the spots you have marked with the appropriate food color or the color extracted from your candy. As the spots dry, rewet them with more sample until you have a dark spot. (If yo u do not load enough sample onto the chromatographic paper it will be difficult to detect the spots. ) 5. Curl the paper into a cylinder with the short edges just touching and staple together. 6. Place the chromatogram into a beaker with approximately ? m of solvent on the bottom. Be sure that the entire lower edge of the chromatogram is touching the solvent, but the solvent does not reach above the pencil line. Allow the chromatogram to sit in the beaker until the solvent front is 1 cm from the top of the paper and remove. Draw a line at the solvent front with your pencil. 7. Repeat this process for any additional solvents you wish to use. Analysis of chromatogram. 1. Circle each spot that you see on the chromatogram. 2. measure the distance between the starting point and the center of the spot for each component on your chromatogram 3. easure the distance between the starting point and the solvent front on your chromatogram 4. Calculate the Rf value for each component. 5. Draw con clusions regarding the identity of each component in the chromatogram. 6. Propose reasons why different components had higher or lower Rf values based on the structures below and your knowledge of intermolecular forces. Colors ProductRedYellowGreenBlue Crown Colony KitBlue #1 Red #3 Red #40Yellow #5 Yellow #6Blue #1 Yellow #5Blue #1 Crown Colony SinglesRed #40Yellow #5 Red #40Blue #1— DurkeeBlue #1 Red #3 Red #40Yellow #5Blue #1 Yellow #5Blue #1 McCormickRed #3 Red #40Yellow #5 Yellow #40Blue#1 Yellow #5Blue #1 Red #40 FDA Certifiable colors: (name/common name) NameCommon nameComment FDC Blue No. 1Brilliant Blue FCF FDC Green No. 3Fast Green FCF FDC Red No. 3Erythrosine FDC Red No. 40Allura Red AC . It usually comes as a sodium salt, but can be also in the form of calcium and potassium salt. It is soluble in water. FDC Yellow No. 5Tartrazine FDC Yellow No. 6Sunset Yellow FCF Questions 1. Does the type of solvent used for paper chromatography affect the Rf values of the food dyes? 2. Which dye molecules were in your candy coating? 3. If the solvent front moved 112 mm and a component of a mixture moved 48 mm How to cite Chromatography, Papers

Preoperative And Postoperative Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Preoperative And Postoperative Management. Answer: Introduction Patients undergoing reconstruction of the breast after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) can expect to experience lifestyle changes following the surgery. MRM is a procedure involving the removal of an entire breast including all of its tissues (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management, 2012). Historically, MRM was the known main technique of treatment of breast cancer, and as the treatments have evolved, breast conservation has been one of the most commonly used methods. Still, mastectomy is a good choice for most people with breast cancer. During MRM, postoperative education is vital in helping women cope with lifestyle changes as well as recover quickly following the surgery. Preoperative care is the care provided prior to a surgical operation while the opposite is care provided after surgery (Blaudszun et al., 2012). According to research, surgical patient who believe that they did not receive adequate pre and post-operative education on manageme nt experience dissatisfaction after a surgery and had difficulties in understanding the changes they encounter. The rationale of this essay is to discuss preoperative and postoperative management following a patient who is to undergo a bilateral total MRM and reconstruction of the breast cancer. Clients and patients will be used interchangeably throughout the essay Contraindications There are few indications to the MRM. For clients with metastatic illness, the primary mode of treatment is systemic therapy. Currently, MRM is not the primary care for people with metastatic diseases (Chou et al., 2016). Other contraindications involve people who cannot receive general anaesthesia. Preoperative Education A patient with MRM encounters a life-changing event; hence it is critical to start the education process in advance, especially in ambulatory setting before the surgery. Education at this time can help the client to begin the process as well as prepare for the life changes prior to hospitalisation rather than postoperative education while experiencing anxiety and pain which cannot be helpful to the patient. Apart from the physicians explanation of the diagnosis and procedure, the client should have preoperative visits with clinicians to discuss the crucial information regarding the surgical process, what to expect during surgery or in the hospital, skills to be learned, and equipments to be used, as well as the necessary resource (Macintyre et al., 2010). This kind of education can improve the patients outcome as well as gratification. However, when providing preoperative education, you should first assess what the client knows and the information he/she wants to learn to ensure that education is individualised and the mutual objectives can be set. It would also be wise to include the patients family or friends in education as shown plus based on clients preferences. Best Practices According to Chou et al., (2016) there has been a heated discussion over the presence of lymph node dissection. However, modern indications for the first and second level of axillary dissections in people undergoing mastectomy include; local axillary recurrence, outside clinical trials, and failed mapping for sentinel lymph nodes biopsy among other indications. Clients need to be assessed for lymph node dissection regularly. It should be known that axillary dissection cannot be of great help to people with favourable tumour characteristics, multiple comorbidities and the elderly. Procedure Planning People who undergo MRM have a choice for immediate or delayed reconstruction with antilogous implants or tissues. Before the procedure, the client should see a plastic surgeon (Parvizi, 2011). However, the option for delayed or immediate reconstruction is reached in regard to the need for post-mastectomy radiation as well as choice of surgeon. Complication linked with MRM Complications linked with MRM include problems linked with wound healing such as chronic sarcoma, infection, hematoma, skin necrosis and dehiscence (Wu Raja, 2011). However, the risk of necrosis usually entails a greater flap plus the wound edges which is commonly treated with wound care. However, people at high risks of postoperative problems are those who are diabetic, smokers, those with a history of chest wall radiation. Following axillary dissection as well as normal local healing problems, a change in the regional lymphatic system puts the client in great danger. For those going through sentinel lymph node biopsy before axillary dissection, they are at risk of anaphylaxis linked with isosulfan contrast agent (White Kehlet, 2010). However, anaesthesiologists and clients need to be aware of such problems which usually resolves intra operatively. People with completion axillary dissection have a greater risk of contracting lymphedema and numbness under the axilla, hypersensitisa tion as well as chronic pain in that region. According to Vadivelu et al., (2010), patients are encouraged to ambulate the arm to prevent reduced shoulder function as well as scarring of the muscle to avoid cording and chronic pain syndromes that can develop later on. Patient Preparation Anaesthesia; anaesthesia should be used without neuromuscular blocking agents of the axillary dissection and mastectomy. However, if a client is undergoing quick breast reconstruction together with MRM, a paralytic can be used following completion of the dissection of the axillary lymph node. Also, a thoracic paravertebral block is used to give procedural as well as post-procedural analgesic effects thus resulting in declining in postoperative pain quickly and after one day. Positioning; clients need to be put on a table in a supine posture with their arm at a right angle with the body. Preoperative Nursing Management Patient education; the nurse should teach the patient deep breathing plus coughing exercises., encourage mobility as well as active body movement turning and foot and leg exercise. Other education regimens would be teaching on how to manage pain plus cognitive coping strategies (Macintyre et al., 2010). Managing nutrition and fluids; the key role of withholding fluids and food before surgery can help prevent aspiration. However, in such cases, a fasting period of eight hours is recommended for meals that are fatty or fried. Preparing for bowel procedure; enema is not ordered only when the patient is undergoing pelvic surgery. Also, preoperative skin preparation can also be done to decrease bacteria without injuring the skin. Quick preoperative nursing intervention; this can be done through administering pre-anaesthetic drugs and maintaining preoperative records such as the consent form, final checklist and identification Postoperative Management A study conducted at the University of Maryland showed that continuous infusion of local anaesthetics after MRM leads to decreased analgesic consumption and has no influence on the rates of vomiting as well as nausea. A control study involved 75 women who underwent MRM, including 35 who got levobupivacaine for two days postoperatively via wound catheter as well as 40 who received saline. Nursing Management in the Post Anaesthesia Care Unit Abbreviated As (PACU) Assessing the patient; regular assessment of a patients oxygen saturation pulse volume, as well as regularity, skin colour, depth plus nature of respiration as well as the intensity of consciousness, are some of the factors that should be considered in the PACU (Wu Raja, 2011). Maintain a patient airway is another function that should be considered in the unit. The primary objective here is to maintain pulmonary ventilation as well as prevent hyperaemia and hypoxia. The nurses role here is to apply oxygen as well as assess the reparatory rate/depth and oxygen saturation. Maintaining a cardiovascular stability; in this case, the nurse examines the clients mental status, cardiac rhythm, vital signs, skin temperature as well as colour/urine output. The central venous pressure abbreviated as (CVP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and the arterial lines should also be considered (Chou et al., 2016). The ain cardiovascular complications are shock, hypertension, haemorrhage and dysarthria. Assessing /maintain voluntary voiding; urine retention following surgery can occur due to some reasons. Anaesthesia and opioids affect the perception of bladder fullness, and also the abdominal, hip and pelvic might increase the probability of retention of secondary to pain. Encounter activity; a vast number of surgical are encouraged to be awake most of the times. This is because early ambulation lowers the chances of postoperative complications as pneumonia, the circulatory problem as well as gastrointestinal discomfort to mention just safe. Othernursing management in the PACU include relieving pain as well as anxiety, assessing plus maintain the surgical state as well as evaluating and managing gastrointestinal function vomiting and nausea are very common following anaesthesia Postoperative Complications Some complications can develop as a result of postoperative procedure; they include Shock; this is the response of the body to a decreased circulation volume of blood, cellular hypoxia as well as death plus tissue perfusion impairness (Blaudszun et al., 2012). Haemorrhage is another complication where the blood escapes from the blood vessels. Deep vein thrombosis abbreviated as DVT can also occur in lower extremities as well as pelvic vein and is very common following hip surgery. Pulmonary embolism is the obstruction of one or more arterioles by an embolus originating on the right side of the heart or in the venous system can also occur alongside urine retention and intestinal obstruction which results in partial or complete impairment to the forward flow of intestinal content (Vadivelu et al., 2010). Conclusion This essay has reviewed pre and postoperative management for patients with MRM. It draws attention to the main strays of this assessment where detailed history, as well as clinical examination, needs to be conducted. Postoperative care commences immediately the procedure has ended with the client being reviewed in the recovery room. Finally, MRM plus postoperative analgesia has also been discussed showing the different complications that may arise due to postoperative surgery References American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management. (2012). Practice guidelines for acute pain management in the perioperative setting: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management. Anesthesiology, 116, 248-273. Blaudszun, G., Lysakowski, C., Elia, N., Tramr, M. R. (2012). Effect of Perioperative Systemic 2 Agonists on Postoperative Morphine Consumption and Pain IntensitySystematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, 116(6), 1312-1322. Chou, R., Gordon, D. B., de Leon-Casasola, O. A., Rosenberg, J. M., Bickler, S., Brennan, T., ... Griffith, S. (2016). Management of Postoperative Pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American pain society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' committee on regional anesthesia, executive committee, and administrative council. The Journal of Pain, 17(2), 131-157. Macintyre, P. E., Scott, D. A., Schug, S. A., Visser, E. J., Walker, S. M. (Eds.). (2010). Acute pain management: scientific evidence (pp. 35-45). Melbourne: ANZCA FPM. Parvizi, J., Miller, A. G., Gandhi, K. (2011). Multimodal pain management after total joint arthroplasty. JBJS, 93(11), 1075-1084. Vadivelu, N., Mitra, S., Narayan, D. (2010). Recent advances in postoperative pain management. The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 83(1), 11. White, P. F., Kehlet, H. (2010). Improving Postoperative Pain ManagementWhat Are the Unresolved Issues?. The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, 112(1), 220-225. Wu, C. L., Raja, S. N. (2011). Treatment of acute postoperative pain. The Lancet, 377(9784), 2215-2225.